By binding to specific proteins onthe outer surface of tumor particles,Immunotech IPF directly prevents infecting CD4 T T-cells.

With IPF, without IPF

• gp120 binds to CD4 on TT-cells and then to a coreceptor.
• Causes gp41 attachment to the cell
• IPF inactivates gp120 and gp41

Immunotech IPF binds to T-cells and turns on Th1 immune system responses that kill infected cells.

Cytokines and IPF

IFN-γ,IL-2 and TNF- are cytokines, small proteins released by T-cells and received by other cells to generate a specific immune response.

IPF appears to modulate helper T1 cells’ expression of elaborate cytokines INF-γ, IL-2, which selectively promote cell-mediated immune response and subsequently stimulate cytotoxic lymphocytes. These lymphocytes have a prominent role in the host’s immunologic response. Proteins encoded by these pathogens enter the endogenous pathway for antigen presentation and are expressed on the surface of the infected cell as a complex with class I MHC – proteins. IPF appears to present a novel mechanism to stimulate innate immune responses.

The immune system has components that bind and present antigens to cells that are capable of initiating a response to those antigens. CD1d CD 56 molecules are a family of highly conserved antigen-presenting proteins that bind lipids and glycolipids, resulting in activation of natural killer T-cells (NKT cells) to elicit protective immunity against the immunogen

We have isolated IPF that is the most extensively studied CD 56 ligand to date. We have tested these compounds for their ability to stimulate human NKT cell lines, secretion of key cytokines such as IFN- IL 2 and IL-12, and activate autologous dendritic cells, as well as binding to CD1d and the invariant T-cell receptor.

While the majority of the studies performed focus on the potential of the IPF as a vaccine adjuvant, it is foreseeable that the compounds could also be used as a potential immunotherapeutic to treat cancer.